In rocky planets such as Earth and Mars, the oxidation state of the mantle is thought to strongly influence the melting temperature of mantle materials (i.e., magma generation), the composition of ...

Yellowstone’s magma system is not the giant pool of molten rock that popular imagination suggests. Multiple independent ...

Earth held a deep ocean of magma beneath its surface in its early history, new research finds, potentially explaining odd anomalies seen in the mantle today. This basal magma ocean has been hotly ...

Previous research estimated that it took hundreds of million years for the ancient Earth's magma ocean to solidify, but new research narrows these large uncertainties down to less than just a couple ...

Sub-Neptune exoplanets could have atmospheres so dense and crushing that rock is vaporized to form clouds that trap heat at the surface of the planet.

Underneath Yellowstone National Park, magma bubbles and flows. But exactly how close it is to the surface has long been a mystery to scientists — until now. For the first time, researchers have ...

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In astronomy, there is a concept called "degeneracy." It has nothing to do with delinquent people, but instead is used to describe data that could be interpreted multiple ways. In some cases, that ...